Suicide prevention awareness and human services organizations

If you or someone you know is struggling or in crisis, help is available. 

Call or text 988 or chat at 988lifeline.org to reach the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline.

Too many lives are lost to suicide each year in the United States and the numbers keep rising. In 2023 alone, suicide claimed 49,316 lives, that’s an average of one death every 11 minutes. This crisis has been building for decades, with rates rising 37% between 2000 and 2018, briefly declining in 2020, and returning to record highs by 2022.¹

The frontline role of human services professionals

Human services professionals often work directly with individuals navigating trauma, abuse, housing instability, substance use, and other challenges, many of which are known risk factors for suicide. As the crisis deepens, these professionals are increasingly called upon to take a proactive role, not only in supporting those at risk but also in shaping prevention strategies and raising awareness.

This shift empowers them to drive meaningful change across the organization, not just through clinical care.  From intake coordinators to residential aides, even maintenance staff, every team member has the potential to contribute to a culture of safety, compassion, and proactive engagement.

Just as CPR and the Heimlich maneuver empower everyday people to respond in emergencies, suicide prevention also begins with simple, accessible tools that anyone can learn and use. These include:

• Recognizing warning signs
• Knowing how to talk to someone in crisis
• Connecting them to professional help

Recognizing risk factors and warning signs

Suicidal thoughts are more common than many realize and can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background. They often signal deeper emotional distress, but not everyone who experiences them has a diagnosed mental health condition.

In fact, nearly half of those who die by suicide do not have a known mental health diagnosis. This highlights the complexity of suicide risk, which can stem from a combination of personal, relational, and community-level factors, not just clinical conditions.

While suicidal thoughts can occur across all populations, some groups experience them at significantly higher rates:

• 2% of young adults (18–25) reported suicidal thoughts, the highest among adult age groups².

• 20.4% of high school students seriously considered suicide, with rates higher among females (27.1%) than males (14.1%).
• 39% of LGBTQ+ youth seriously considered attempting suicide in the past year³.
• Veterans report elevated levels of suicidal ideation compared to the general population⁴.
• 4.9% of adults reported suicidal thoughts in the past year.

Recognizing changes in a person's behavior, especially when those changes are new, intensified, or linked to a recent loss or trauma, is essential for early intervention; these shifts may signal underlying mental health issues or increased suicide risk and should be taken seriously.  According to SAMHSA and SPRC here are some of the most commonly recognized warning signs:

• Substance misuse: Increased use of alcohol or drugs.
• Social withdrawal: Pulling away from friends, family, or community.
• Emotional instability: Dramatic mood swings, impulsive or reckless behavior.
• Expressions of despair: Talking about hopelessness, feeling trapped, being a burden, or experiencing unbearable emotional pain.
• Preparatory actions: Giving away possessions, organizing personal affairs, paying off debts.
• Suicidal ideation or planning: Talking about death, saying goodbye, searching for means, collecting and saving pills, or acquiring a weapon.
• Changes in sleep or self-care: Sleeping too much or too little, neglecting hygiene or appearance.
• Sudden behavioral shifts: Unexpected calmness or mood improvement after prolonged sadness.

From awareness to impact: your role in prevention

Empowering through training

Training is a critical foundation for suicide prevention and should be prioritized alongside other client safety initiatives like abuse prevention and emergency preparedness. Programs like Mental Health First Aid help staff recognize signs of distress and respond effectively, even without clinical credentials.

Still, training alone isn’t enough. Human services professionals can make a difference by recognizing warning signs and responding with compassion. Here are a few simple guidelines:

What to say

• “I’ve noticed you’ve been going through a lot lately. How are you really doing?”
• “You’re not alone. I’m here for you, and I want to help.”
• “It’s okay to talk about what you’re feeling. I’m listening.”
• “Have you thought about talking to a counselor or therapist?”
• “Would you like me to help you find someone to talk to, or call a support line together?”

If you suspect someone is in immediate danger, ask directly:

• “Are you thinking about hurting yourself?”
• “Do you have a plan?”

What to do

• Speak calmly and without judgment.
• Avoid minimizing their feelings or offering quick fixes like “look on the bright side”.  Just being present and supportive is powerful. 
• Use active listening: reflect back what they say, clarify their meaning, and focus on the emotions behind their words, not just the facts.
• Avoid interrupting, debating, or shifting the conversation to abstract ideas or your own opinions.
• Remove access to lethal means, such as firearms, knives, or stockpiled medications.
• Increase supervision or check-ins, especially during periods of isolation or transition, or emotional distress.
• Help connect them to professional support, such as a therapist or the 988 Lifeline.

Asking direct questions may feel uncomfortable, but it can be lifesaving.  Open, honest conversations are a powerful form of support.⁵  In urgent situations, the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline offers immediate support from trained counselors. The previous Lifeline number (1-800-273-8255) remains active and continues to connect callers to the same network of care.

Building a culture of prevention

Creating a culture of compassionate vigilance means planning ahead, learning from incidents, and supporting staff through trauma. Use post-incident reviews to improve your approach and adopt a Just Culture that focuses on learning, not blame.

Human services organizations can strengthen suicide prevention efforts by using proven strategies and resources, such as:

• Zero Suicide at EDC: A comprehensive framework for health and behavioral health systems to improve suicide prevention through leadership, training, data-driven practices, and continuous quality improvement.
• Suicide Prevention Resource Center (SPRC): Training, toolkits, and evidence-based practices.
• National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI): Advocacy, education, and support for mental health.

To strengthen the impact, organizations can:

• Integrate suicide prevention into staff training and organizational policies.
• Provide consistent supervision and peer support.
• Promote the 988 Lifeline visibly and accessibly throughout all facilities.
• Collaborate with local and national partners to expand reach and effectiveness.
• Engage the broader community to raise awareness and reduce stigma.
• Prepare postvention resources in advance to support staff and clients after a suicide or traumatic event.

Suicide prevention starts with awareness and grows through action. When every role in a human services organization is engaged, we create environments where people feel seen, supported, and connected. Together, we can foster hope and make a meaningful difference in the lives of those we serve.

Sources

¹ Suicide Data and Statistics | Suicide Prevention | CDC
² Suicidal Thoughts & Behavior | Mental Health | CDC
³ Facts About Suicide Among LGBTQ+ Young People
⁴ 2024 National Veteran Suicide Prevention Annual Report
⁵ Risk of Suicide | National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI)