Heat stress

Working in the heat can lead to heat-related illnesses. It is important to be aware of the temperature and how to protect yourself against it. Use this guide to discuss symptoms of heat stress, treatment, and ways to prevent these illnesses. Emphasize the importance of understanding heat stress risks for active prevention.

Know the symptoms of heat-related illnesses and first aid

1. Heat rash

• Skin irritation from excessive sweating in hot, humid weather
• Red clusters of pimples or small blisters on the neck, chest, groin, under breasts, and in elbow creases

2. Heat cramps

• Painful muscle cramps from sweating during strenuous activity
• Muscle pain or spasms in the abdomen, arms, or legs

3. Heat exhaustion

• Excessive loss of water and salt through sweating
• Heavy sweating, extreme weakness, dizziness, confusion, nausea, clammy skin, pale complexion, muscle cramps, slightly elevated body temperature, fast and shallow breathing

4. Heat stroke

• Body unable to control temperature, leading to rapid temperature rise
• Hot, dry skin or profuse sweating, hallucinations, chills, throbbing headache, high body temperature, confusion, dizziness, slurred speech

5. First-aid procedures

• Drink fluids with electrolytes.
• Move to a cooler environment.
• Remove outer layers of clothing.
• Place cold compresses or ice packs on the head, neck, armpits, and groin.
• Use fans to blow air directly on the body.
• Have someone nearby to assist.
• Call 911 immediately if symptoms of heat stress are evident.

10 tips for staying safe

1. Learn symptoms of heat-related illness and first aid.
2. Acclimate to hot weather gradually; new workers are at a higher risk.
3. Wear lightweight or moisture-wicking clothing and adjust work based on heat tolerance.
4. Recognize individual differences in heat stress response.
5. Be aware that obesity, diabetes, alcohol use and certain medications may increase heat intolerance.
6. Stay hydrated by drinking half to one ounce of water per pound of body weight daily.
7. Drink water/electrolyte replacements BEFORE feeling thirsty.
8. Ensure urine is clear or pale yellow.
9. Avoid caffeinated drinks as they are diuretics.
10. Take frequent rest breaks with water in cool or shaded areas, increasing breaks as the heat index rises.

Resource

To learn more, visit Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)’s Heat-related illnesses and first aid.