What is employment practices liability insurance (EPLI)?
Employment practices liability insurance, known in the trade as EPL insurance or EPLI, provides coverage to employers (PDF) against claims made by employees alleging:
- Discrimination (based on sex, race, age or disability, for example)
- Wrongful termination
- Harassment
- Other employment-related issues, such as failure to promote
Large corporations typically have substantial employment practices insurance coverage in place and are prepared to deal with just about any employment lawsuit. However, small or new businesses are often the most vulnerable to employment claims (PDF). That’s because they usually lack a legal department or employee handbook detailing the policies and procedures that guide hiring, disciplining or terminating employees.
New hires pose an employment practices liability risk
You're at risk of an employment claim from the moment you interview a prospective employee. For example, if you choose not to hire the interviewee, that individual could allege some sort of discrimination.
Or, if you hire that person and later fire them due to poor attendance, that discharged employee could claim wrongful termination.
To significantly lower your employment practices liability risk (PDF), consider the following:
- Review potential loss exposures with your insurance agent and purchase adequate employment practices liability insurance.
- Develop an employee handbook detailing your company's workplace policies and procedures, including attendance, discipline and complaints. The employee handbook should also contain an employment at-will statement and an equal employment opportunity statement.
- Create a job description for each position that clearly defines expectations of skills and performance.
- Conduct periodic performance reviews of employees and carefully note the results in the employee's file.
- Develop a screening and hiring program to weed out unsuitable candidates on paper before calling them to interview in person.
- Use an employment application that contains an equal employment opportunity statement along with a statement, that if hired, employment will be "at-will." This means their employment can be terminated at any time, for any reason or for no reason at all, with or without notice. Also ensure that your employment application does not contain any age indicators, such as date graduated high school, as this could increase your risk for age discrimination claims.
- Conduct background checks on all possible candidates.
- Institute a zero-tolerance policy regarding discrimination, substance abuse and any form of harassment. Make sure you have an "open door" policy in which employees can report infractions without fear of retribution.
- Create an effective record-keeping system to document employee issues as they arise, and what the company did to resolve those issues.
More about employment practices liability insurance
The cost of insuring your business for EPLI coverage depends on a variety of factors, such as:
- The number of people you employ
- Whether you've had prior suits lodged against your company
- The percentage of employee turnover
- Whether you have established rules and practices in place
Depending on the size of your company, EPLI can be offered as an endorsement to a Businessowners policy (BOP) or a general liability policy. Also, a specific stand-alone policy can be written in conjunction with a BOP.
EPLI coverage is usually written on a claims-made basis. This means the incident resulting in the claim had to occur during the coverage period. Because employment claims often come months or even years after the alleged incident, your company might be vulnerable if your insurance coverage was dropped or if tail coverage (liability insurance that extends beyond the end of the policy period) wasn't purchased.
Employment practices liability coverage includes free online support through our Workplace Risk Solutions website, which includes sample forms and policies; self-audit checklists; links to federal and state legal sources; and web-based training modules that cover the prevention of discrimination, harassment and other employment claims. EPLI also includes free legal advice from Jackson Lewis, LLP, one of the nation's largest and most respected employment law firms. Jackson Lewis’ free legal hotline can provide such legal advice as the steps to take when considering terminating an employee, as well as how employment laws apply to your workplace.
Understand employment law
A variety of laws are in place to protect the rights of people you hire or are considering hiring.
While employment practices liability insurance is a smart investment for many companies, it's important to understand and carefully follow these laws:
- Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin and sex. It also prohibits sex discrimination on the basis of pregnancy and sexual harassment.
- The Equal Pay Act of 1963, which prohibits employers from paying different wages to men and women who perform essentially the same work under similar working conditions
- The Civil Rights Act of 1966, which prohibits discrimination based on race or ethnic origin
- The Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of national origin or citizenship of persons who are authorized to work in the United States
- The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, which prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities
- The Bankruptcy Code, which prohibits discrimination against anyone who has declared bankruptcy
- Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972, which prohibits discrimination against minorities based on poor credit ratings
- The Age Discrimination in Employment Act, which prohibits discrimination against individuals who are age 40 or older
Federal employment laws
Get more information about employment laws from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).
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Product, coverage, discounts, insurance terms, definitions, and other descriptions are intended for informational purposes only and do not in any way replace or modify the definitions and information contained in your individual insurance contracts, policies, and/or declaration pages from Nationwide-affiliated underwriting companies, which are controlling. Such products, coverages, terms, and discounts may vary by state and exclusions may apply.